Explosive engine



pt. 18, 19236 LWE J. J. SCHILLER EXPLOSIVE ENGINE Filed Nov. 23 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 we; mum "6 I 20- 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 J- J, SCHILLER EXPLOSIVE ENGINE Filed Nov. 23 1918' Sept. 18,1923, 11,468,516

J. J. SCHILLER.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE Filed Nov. 23 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Sept. 18 1923. 11,468,516

J. J. SCHILLER EXPLOSIIVE ENGINE Filed Nov. 25 1918 s Sheets- Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 18, 1923.

rear

JOHN J'. SCHILLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES F. SCHILLER, OF

CICERQ, ILLINOIS.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

Application T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN J. SCHILLE a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

.The invention relates to explosive engines and more particularly to that type in which oscillatory'pis'tons are used. 1

One object of the invention is to provide an improved four-cycle oscillating engine in which power strokes are provided in substantially continuous succession so that there will be at least one power impulse for each oscillatory movement or cycle of the piston shaft. Another object of the invention is to provide an engine of this type in which the gearing for driving the valve-shafts is completely located in the crank-case containing lubricant. Another object ofthe invention is to provide an improved engine of this type in which there is a plurality of cranks on the piston shaft which are relatively offset to overcome dead centers in driving connections between the piston-shaft and the crank-shaft.

Another object of the invention is to provide an engine of this type in'whichprovis on is made for effective lubrication of the pistons and cylinders by lubricant in the crankcase.

Other objects of the invention will appear in connection with the detail description.

The invention consists .in the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings: ig. 1 is a central longi tudinal section of an engine embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on line 242' of 1. Fig. 3 is {a transverse section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on line 4-4 of F ig. 1. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 66 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 7-7 of Fig.3. Fig. 8'is a plan, the

' head and'parts. contained therein being removed. Fig. 9 is a' vertical section with'th'e parts disassembled.

The improved explosive engine is of the four-cycle type and comprises acasing provided with a'body 15 containing two semicylindrical chambers 16 and 17 disposed loncurved periphery of said chamber.

filed November 23, 1918. Serial No. 263,817. v

gitudinally of one another. Each chamber is formed with straight parallel sides 18 and a longitudinally curved periphery 19. The top of each of these members extends to and is open at the top of the body 15 and is closed by a head 20 which forms another part of the casing and is secured to the body 15 by bolts 99. A piston-shaft 21 is mounted adjacent the top of the body 15 and is adapted to oscillate therein. In each chamber, there is an element 22, which has substantially radial heads 23 and 24, which serve as pistons, and hassubstantially straight sides 25 adapted to fitthe straight sides 18 of said chamber'and with an arcuate longitudinally curved periphery 26 adapted to lit the correspondingly The pistons 23 and 24 are relatively angled, are spaced apart and divide each of the chambers 16, 17 into two arcuate working cylinders on opposite sides of the pistonshaft. This form of piston-chamber provides for an efiicient connection between the piston shaft 21 throughout the width of the piston and an extensive piston area. Resilient bands 27 are provided in the peripheral and side walls of each piston. A spark-plug 28 is provided for each cylinder. Providing two cylinderchambers, each forming a pair of oppositely disposed working cylinders disposed longitudinally ofone another, and an oscillatory piston in each 01 said cylinders, makes it possible to produce one power stroke during each movementof the piston-shaft and to produce power strokes for the four pistons in substantially continuous succession and, as a result, there will be simultaneous intake,

compression, power and exhaust strokes of the pistons in the cylinders collectively. du ing each movement of the oscillatory shaft in either direction.

The body 15 is provided with a waterjacket 29 around the cylinder walls and a water-supply pipe 30 is connected to said jacket (Figs. 3, 4k, and 6). Countersunk bearings 32 for the piston-shaft 21 are formed in the body 15 adjacent the outer sides of the cylinder-chambers and a similar bearing 33 is formed between them. A bearing cap 8 1 is secured in the countersunk bearings 32' and is extended to completely enclose-the upper portion of the piston-shaft 21 independently of the head 20, so that, when the latter is removed, the adjustment of the piston-shaft will not be disturbed.

the piston-shaft which can be replaced or adjusted; A gasket 20 is secured between the head 20 and-the body 15.

.The lower end of the secured to the top of a crank-case 36whicli serves as the base of the engine casing and is adapted to contain lubricant. A shaft 37 are parallel with the crankshaft; are

extends longitudinally through the crankcase and is mounted in su1table bear1ngs 38 in the end walls of the crank-case. This shaft s provlded wlth a pair of relatlvely offset cranks 39 and 40. Crank 39 is con} neoted by a pitnian 4:2 to a crank i on the piston-shaft 21, and crank 40 on the shaft 3'? islsimilarly connected by apitrnan 4A to a crank 4:3 on the other end of the piston-shaft; Cranks lland l-B on the piston-shaft are relatively offset to overcome dead-centers. These crank. and pitinan-connections between the oscillatory piston-shaftand the crank-shaft 3f? serve to translate theoscillatory' movement of. the shaft 21 into'rotary movement of the shaft 37 and to continuously drive the latter shaftf A fly or drive wheel 45 is secured to one end of the crank-shaft 37 and apulley 4:6, for driving the usual fan-belt is secured to the other end of said shaft.

The head 20 of he oasing contains four intake valves 48, one for. controlling the supply of fuel to each of the four. cylinders respectively. Each of said valvesis normally closed by a spring &9, is provided with a stem 50,;which is slidably held. in said 35 head and is adapted to be opened by a rocker arm 51 An intakepipe 52 (lfigs. 4 and 5) is "connected to a'single duct which is connected by branch ducts 5% with all of theintake valves. The walls of these ducts 53 and 54 are integrally formed with the walls of the head 20. The latter comprises a bottom wall 55 which forms the. top of the cylinders and is recessed 56, to fit around the cap. 34 for the oscillatory piston-shaft. The intake valves 48. open downwardly to deliver combustible mixture or fuel. from a carbiuetor into the tops of the cylinders respectively, Four spring closed exhaust valves 58 for controlling the exhaust of the products} of; combustion from the cylinders respecti.vcly similar in construction to the intake valves 48.

are guided in the head 20. Walls 59 integral with the head form outlet ducts 60 which lead through the end wallsof the head (F i g. 5) and all of these ductsare connected to a suitable exhaust manifold .6 1 located outside of the head. Each exhaust valve 58. is

adapted to be opened by a rocker 62. The

space in the head outside of the duct. walls forms a watenjacket 64 into which water from the waterjacket 29 inlthejbody will flow through openings 65. A water outletg66 is integrally formed with the. top. wall of the head. This constructionwill cause the body 1 5 is open and water entering the water-jacket in the body 15 to circulate through the water jacket in the head 20 and then'flow out through mounted in bearings 70 in the crank-case. Shaft 68. is'provided withfeanis l for operating vertical rods 72 which are adaptedto shiftth'e rockers 5 1Yfor openingthe intake and exhaust valves. for the cylinders at one side of the engine; and shaft 69is pro vided with cams 73"for operating similar rods 74 for operating the rockers for the intake and exhaust valves at the other side of the engine." Thec'ainshafts 68 and 6 9 are driven from a pinion 75' which is fixed to the crank-shaft'37. Said-pinion meshes. with a gear 76, towhiohfis attached a' gear T7, which meshes witha'gear'78 on the cam shaft 681 'Ih'e camshaft '69 is similarly driven from the pinion 75 by a gear, 80'

to which is 'attacheda gear 81 which meshes with a' gear 82 on said cam shaft. -The gears. between pinion 7 5 and thefgea-rs on the cam-shaftsfare suitably supported in lugs 83 risingfron a bridge 84in the crankcase. The cranks on the crank sha ft, the cam-shafts and thej gearing between the crank-shaft and the cam-shafts; are .all

lubrication of all of these. parts.

The lower portion of the enclosing wall of each cylinder chamber-is forn edfivith. a slit 86 to expose the peripheries of the pistons to the oil being'splashed in the crankcase andthus thepiston andjcylinder willbe kept lubricated; The peripheral walls. be} tween the pistons serve to close communication between the cylinders and, the splash chamber. and said slits perinitf'the splash enclosed in the crank-case, to effect splash For convenience in descriptiomthework ing-cylinders ofthe. chambers v 16; 17 are 1 designated a, Z), 0 and 'Tniopera; t1on, assum ng a charge of, compressed fuel to be P ese tn he yhmler a and t p ton to be the end ofitslup-stroke, the charge W e suited at per on of h sna plug in. "said cylinder fto iinpart'a power stroke to the piston in said cylinder, which will not only move that piston, but will operate. all of the pistons and the crank shaft synchronously. During this stroke, a charge will be drawn into the cylinder 5, the charge in the cylinder d will be coinpressed and theproducts of combustion in the cylinder 0 will be discharged, it being understood that the cams on the cam-shafts are timed accordingly.- The power strokes will be imparted to the pistons in the cylinders a, b and c successively during successive oscillations of the piston shaft. At the end of the power-stroke in the cylinder a, the charge in the cylinder 0? will have been compressed and will then be ignited so that the power strokes will occur in substantially con tinuous succession as the result of the oscillating pistons and cylinders which will cause intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes to occur simultaneously in the cylinders respectively. 7

The improved engine thus exemplifies a multi-cylinder motor. of the four-cycle type and with oscillating pistons in which there is a substantially continuous succession of power strokes applied to an oscillatory shaft. During this operation, the lubricant in the crank-case will be splashed into contact with a small portion of the peripheral walls between the pistons to' properly lubricate them. As a result of formingthe casing of the engine of a body and a crank-case containing the cam-shafts and gearing for driving themand the crank-shafts, all of these parts will be effectively lubricated by the splash in said case. As the result of providing relatively offset cranks on the ends of the oscillatory piston shafts and a plurality of pitnian-connections between said cranks and the crank-shaft and the substantially continuous, succession of power strokes, dead centers are avoided and thecrank-shaft will be caused to rotate evenly and continuously. As the result of providing a common head to close all of the cylinder chambers and mounting all of the intake and dischargevalves in said head, so that the head can be removed from the body, access may be readily had to the cylinders and thepiston-shaft and pistons which can be left in its adjustment when the head is removed. By providing a removable cap for that portion of the piston-shaft which is adjacent to the head 20, the latter may be removed for access to the cylinders without loosening said shaft, and furthermore, this cap provides a replaceable member between the engine are compactly arranged and the gearing for driving the cam shafts, as well as the cam shaft and the crank-shaft, are enclosed in the crank-case.

The head of the casing supports and contains the intake and exhaust valves for all of the cylinders, thus providing a comparatively simple construction of head for an engine, in which there is a plurality of pistons disposed longitudinally of one another on the oscillatory piston-shaft. The phrase cylinders disposed longitudinally of one another as used in the claims is to be understood as referring to cylinders that are disposed longitudinally of the engine shaft.

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since these may be modified within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, whatI claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an explosive engine, the combination of a casing comprising a body having a plurality of parallel arcuate cylinders therein, separated pistons working in said cylinders respectively, an oscillatory shaft rigid and coaxial with and operated by the pistons, the casing comprising a crank-case adapted to contain lubricant and disposed under said body and the cylinders, a crankshaft driven by the piston-shaft, disposed in the crankcase so it will splash lubricant therein, said body forming a top for the crank-case and having a restricted opening therein through which lubricant will be splashed to the pistons to lubricate the cylinders, and mechanism for controlling the supply of fuel to, its compression in and the exhaust from the cylinders.

2. In an explosive engine, the combination of a casing comprising a body having a plurality of peripheral arcuate cylinders therein, separated pistons working in said cylinders respectively, a peripheral wall closing the space between the pistons, an oscillatory shaft rigid and coaxial with and operated by the pistons, the casing comprising a crank-case adapted to contain lubricant and disposed under said body and the cylinders, a crank-shaft driven by the piston shaft, disposed in the crank-case so it will splash lubricant therein, said body forming a top for the crank-case and having a restricted opening therein through which lubricant will be splashed onto said peripheral wall between the pistons.

JQHN J. SCHILLER. 

